UDUMBAR

Botanical Name

Ficus glomerata Roxb.

Family

Moraceae

Classification

Charaka Samhita - Mutrasamgrahaniya, Kashaayaskandha

Sushruta Samhita - Nyagrodhaadi

Bhaava Prakaasha - Panchavalkala, Ksheerivruksha

Synonyms

Udumbara, Jantuphala, Yagyaanga, Hemadugdhaka, Sadaaphala, Pushpashunya, Apushpaphala, Krumivruksha.

Vernacular Names

Hindi : Gular;

Gujarati: Umbaro, Umarado;

Telugu : Ati;

Bengali : Yagnadumbur;

Marathi : Umbar;

English : Cluster fig, Country fig.

Habitat

This tree is found throughout in India.

Botanical Description

Habit : Tall evergreen, spreading trees, up to 20 meters height, with few, short, aerial roots; banches smooth.

Bark : Grayish or blackish brown.

Leaf : 5-15 X 2.5-6.5, ovate to ovate-oblong, obtuse or acute, Petiole upto 3cm, long, glabrous; dark green.

Fruit : Achenes reddish brown, obovoid.

Chemical constituents

Bark contains around 14% of tannin, tetracyclic triterpene, leucoanthocyanins, lupeol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol etc.

Ayurvedic Properties (Rasa Panchaka)

Rasa         : Kashaaya

Guna         : Laghu, Ruksha

Veerya     : Sheeta

Vipaaka     : Katu

Doshakarma     : Kapha-Pitta shaamaka

Karma

Shothahara, Garbhaashayashothahara, Vedanaasthaapana, Mutrasamgrahaniya, Varnya, Raktapittashaamaka, Vranaropaka, Shukrastambhana, Stambhaka, Daahaprashamana.

Rogaghnata/ Indiactions

Prameha, Shotha, Pradara, Vedanaa, Vranavikruti, Raktaatisaara, Daaharoga, Pravaahikaa, Raktapitta, Grahani, Dantobheda, Shukrdourbalya.

Therapeutic Uses

The drug Udumbara is mutrasangrhaniya, stambhana and vranaropana; it is used in prameha, raktapitta and vrana. Bark is astringent and
decoction of bark is used as a wash for wounds; it is also given in prameha roga, raktaatisaara, pravaahikaa and grahani. The bark decoction is also given as uttar basti in pradara, swetapradara. The bark and fruit are taken in raktapitta.

Externally decoction, latex and paste of young shoots are used in ailments of ulceration, inflammation, pain and discoloration. Its bark is potent anti-oxidant, anthelmintic and also having anti inflammatory activities.

Parts Used

Twak (Bark), Ksheera (Latex), Moola (Roots), Praroha (Arial roots), Phala (Fruit).

Dose

Churna/ Powder     : 3 to 6 g

Kwatha/ Decoction     : 50 to 100 ml

Ksheera/ Latex     : 5 to 10 drops

Formulations

Udumbara saara, Udumbaraadi leha, Udumbaraadi taila, Udumbara chandana yoga, Panchavalkala kwatha etc.